Suitable Raster processing methods to extract field boundaries from images

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I'm trying to extract field boundaries and features from a lot of aerial images of agricultural land - and avoid digitizing these features manually. I've managed to get a crude raster file of the features that I want by manipulating the threshold colour values in GIMP and geocoding the resulting .tif in QGIS.



The nine broad contour lines are what I want to extract (and clean up a little) but more importantly I want to remove the randomly distributed noise seen in the middle of the fields. After cleaning the image I plan to convert to a vector and clip the existing farm boundary with it.

I am at a loss as to how to process these data?

I have both QGIS 2.8.1 and GRASS 7 available and would appreciate any pointers in the right direction.



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